Poisons - what is it?

Poisons affect the biological (physiological) function of the body, causing transient or permanent disorders, including death. An absolutely precise definition of the poison cannot be given. The same substance can be harmless (or even medicinal), administered in one dose or in one way, and toxic in another dose or administered in another way. The toxicity of a substance depends on the absolute amount of the substance being administered, the concentration, the form in which it was taken, the route of administration, the body's resistance, etc.

Thus, distilled water administered intravenously causes death by osmotic erythrocyte lysis. Ethanol, which is toxic in itself, is used as an antidote for methanol poisoning. The same can be said about atropine, which is a poison used as an antidote for nerve warfare poisoning. For people with a lack of suitable enzymes, it can be toxic food (milk, protein).

Depending on the causes that lead to the ingestion of poisons into the body, poisoning can be criminal , suicidal, accidental, medical, occupational, or poisoning as a result of substance abuse. In 2013, there were 3.3 million cases of accidental human poisoning. This resulted in 98,000 deaths worldwide, up from 120,000 deaths in 1990.

Definitions
Various scientists have tried to give a precise definition of poison in order to cover all substances that are traditionally considered poisons, but not substances that are not traditionally:

"Poisons are substances that, by their physical or chemical nature, are such that, entering the blood or the human body and remaining there, they cause temporary or permanent disorders" (Claude Bernard)
"Poisons are substances that, by their chemical nature, quantity and concentration, are alien to the human body or individual organs and therefore, they cause functional disorders in a living organism" (Starkenstein)
"Poisons are chemicals created outside a living organism, or substances released by living beings (toxins ) that, when ingested, can cause illness or death under certain conditions"
"In practical terms, we can consider those substances that are in amounts of less than 5 g or 5 ml can cause poor health, illness, or death."
Although the first three definitions are too broad and cover almost all substances, the last one is too narrow, so it does not include, for example, ethanol or substances that cause chronic poisoning.

To avoid giving a general definition of poison, the toxic and lethal dose is determined individually for each compound. Mostbet PT – casino online Portugal, site oficial e espelho